AN IDENTITY UNDER QUESTION

I was really proud to be a Filipino before I went to college – before I got to know other angles of Philippine history. Now, I can say an identity, my identity is under question. What is truly Filipino?

            Fernando Zialcita mentioned problems in the Filipinos coming in terms of one’s culture and identity. He said ordinary restaurants, both here and abroad, do not make their offerings visually attractive. Why? They lack of concern for the customers. Zialcita said this is a question of self-respect. Well, I can see some restaurants giving full effort in serving their customers. Yet, I can’t deny the fact that good service isn’t free – you must pay a big amount for it. Thus, only elites could avail it. Thus, self-respect is over powered by self-interest. Some Filipinos are more concerned about what we could get from whom than what we could give to whom. For them, profit is more important. Zialcita added that some Filipinos’ tendency to denigrate, without basis, their major cultural symbols shows in other realms, and works against it. For instance, barong Tagalog is supposed to be the national shirt. Then it turned out to be a “slave shirt” because according to Zialcita’s reference: wicked Spaniards compelled Filipinos to wear their shirttails out to mark their low status, and obliged them to use a transparent fabric so as to expose their weapons. So, some Filipinos refuse to wear barong Tagalog. It’s killing me. It’s killing our culture. It’s killing our identity. Do they have evidences which can prove that Spaniards really did it? If yes, then who’s that silly person who declared barong Tagalog as the Filipino national shirt? Zialcita also mentioned free standing structures either in timber or stone that attempts to symbolize the cosmos and Man’s place within it indicate a sophisticated level of social development. He also talked about “forced labor.” I hate the fact that most of the Filipinos allowed those wicked Spaniards controlled them. It’s sad to know that they didn’t have the strength to speak up and tell those cruel people how bad their faces were – as bad as their doings.

According to Zialcita, during the downfall of thrones, the state drew its legitimacy from the “will of the people.” Legitimacy from the people – did it really happen? Think about it. I’ve read about national-states – each protective of its interests and each eager to maximize its gains. We all know that individuals differ when it comes to their interest. Now, can you say that national identity exists? I do not think so. That’s why I agree with Zialcita when he said that culture itself is under scrutiny. He said diverse peoples of the islands should have a common vision and a sense of pride in their heritage. I guess, the best way to do it is to respect one another. Let’s say, I am a Roman Catholic, you are a Protestant. So what? We are Filipinos, anyway. As what Zialcita said: we are obliged to articulate our uniqueness when planning tourism campaigns, attracting investors, selling finished products on the world market, or even when just entertaining foreign visitors. Then things would get better that way. And yes, it would probably be more fun in the Philippines!

I agree that the Philippines is culturally diverse. Some Filipinos practice animism, others embraced Islam and most are Christians. So, angst of Christianity follows. Zialcita said that one reason of this angst may be that internationally there seems little respect for lowland Filipino culture. He added self-confidence and respect by others reinforce each other. To quote my favorite part in An Identity under Question: “If we are confident about our identity, others take notice of this and respect us. On the other hand, if others respect us, then our self-confidence deepens.” It’s very true, isn’t it? However, it is useless because Filipinos do not put it into action. We are so anxious about our identity. Thus, preexisting anxiety is reinforced, as what Zialcita said. Zialcita presented another sad truth: Filipinos are marginal. Meaning, we are not important. Other countries chose not to recognize our achievements. Yes, lowland Christian Filipinos may be English-speaking but their culture is less known and less appreciated among the English-speaking public in Asia, Europe or the Anglo-countries. The question is, what can we do about this? Will we just sit here and let them underestimate Filipinos. No way. We must continue what we’ve started though it wasn’t recognized. I believe Filipinos are creative. In fact, Philippines has a lot of achievements at present. Yet, we must always remember that everything is temporary. According to Zialcita, Filipinos love their way of life. However, problems appear when they reflect on their identity and try to explain this to themselves, to fellow Filipinos, or to outsiders.

Zialcita said Filipinos are unease about their culture. This stems from (1) the demonization of Spanish influence, (2) a limited menu of binaries for interpreting culture, and (3) reductionist interpretations.

(1)   How the Spaniards did colonize the Philippines for so long?

Ø  Using armed forces to control Filipinos

Ø  Influence Filipino’s mind through religion

Ø  Using local government

I got this from one of the educational discussions I attended. It is clear that the Spaniards used many methods in order to colonize the Philippines. I guess, they were good enough to achieve their motive. Some Filipinos were fooled then.

For Zialcita, one of the problems during the Spanish colonization is, power was concentrated at the upper levels of the state and church. This is not new to me because it’s still happening at present. Though we already have Article II, Section 6 in the Philippine Constitution, conflicts between the two is often. However, I also agree with Zialcita when he said, not every accusation made today about that period can be accepted in the name of nationalism and anti-colonialism, without supporting evidence. We have to be reliable with our sources, of course. We must ask at least three sources and we must read until we find out that evidences were provided. History is part of the past which could help us understand the present. So, instead of judging it, try getting to know more about it. According to him, it is claimed that the Spaniards were so perverse that they deliberately kept Filipinos ignorant. I would agree to that. Perhaps, if I were a citizen during that time I’d think Spaniards were being helpful. Yet, I’ve read books and PDF about their cruelty. I just found out that Filipinos on that time were wrapped by ignorance. Another problem is the church and state in Catholic countries fought with each other over who would control the educational system. At first, it’s good to hear that they want to educate Filipinos. But the question is: what would they teach? If it’s all about Spain or America, what culture would we have then? Spanish-like and American-like – most probably. No doubt many Filipinos are unease about their identity. He added that Spaniards also introduced a regular and obligatory system of taxation. It became the basic pillar of the state. Taxation – most part of it is for government satisfaction only.

(2)*Colonial versus Non/Anti-colonial.

Ø  “kin-based community” versus “community broader than the kin”

Filipinos are individualistic. I’d agree. We are focused only to ourselves. We tend not to care about the problems in our community and nation. Zialcita suggested that we should be careful of reducing this to either Western influence or to colonial residues.

Ø  “state versus non-state”

He mentioned the nation has become part of ordinary discourse – but not the state. To understand it better, we must first differentiate nation, state and nation-state. As what I’ve learned in our Political Science 11: nation is a group of people who share a common cultural inheritance and regard themselves as a natural political community. State is a political association that establishes sovereign jurisdiction within defined territorial borders, characterized by its monopoly of legitimate violence. Nation-state is a sovereign political association within which citizenship and nationality overlap; one nation within a single state. We used Andrew Heywood’s book, by the way. So, I believe that Philippines is a nation-state. Correct me if I am wrong though. Zialcita then suggested that we must compete with other nation-states. He said Philippines has to improve its infrastructure, attract investments and offer more product. To do all these, it has to project internal stability. How? That is the problem. As what has been said earlier, Philippines is culturally diverse. Despite this, people must be united. Unfortunately, that is not the case. It actually leads to another problem – an attitude of dependency on the US. Last June 12, people were posting “Happy Independence Day” on Facebook. I didn’t like their status. I was thinking – are we really independent? Independent of being dependent on US, I guess.

Ø  “pre-democratic versus democratic”

Like Zialcita, I would say that democracy matters because every individual has rights as a human being and as a citizen. I’ve read a book of Fareed Zakaria. In his book, he questioned: what comes first, freedom or democracy? It is an interesting question, isn’t it? Think about it! And yes, I will think about it, again.

    *Beyond Asia versus West

> As what Zialcita said, Filipino’s achievements are often not appreciated enough either by himself or by others because they do not seem “Asian” enough. Here’s the problem: authenticity is confused with exoticism. When we say it’s authentic, it’s genuine. When we say it’s exotic, it’s from another country. However, we cannot say that it is not authentic just because it was introduced by another country. I don’t know if you get my point. You know, everybody can create a new from something they knew from someone. I just don’t get why they can’t appreciate Filipino’s achievements. Maybe, we’re so good they’re jealous.

(3) Zialcita said the claim that all Spanish influence is evil injures our sense of national identity. Filipinos lost their culture and ended up as mere copycats. We have no one to blame, only the Spaniards. I salute those Filipinos who were awakened from coma and made their stand not just for their selves but for the Philippines and its people.

He mentioned that many use “culture” and “race” interchangeably. Why? Is it so hard to remember that culture is the action and race is the doer? And again, correct me if I am wrong. You can search for the exact definition of the said words, anyway. The meaning I’ve presented was merely my clues.

According to Zialcita, the oppressed saw in the verses of poems imbued with Christian doctrine as ideology that justified their revolt against the rich, the educated and even against the priests. I forgot to comment about education. Yes, elites can go to school and those who are not cannot. Education is an issue even at present. It seems to me that education is a privilege when in fact it’s a right. I would not blame the Filipinos who were responsible for the revolts in the past. I believe there’s nothing wrong about it, there was something wrong that’s why they did it.

When asked what my identity is, I’d probably say I’m a girl. Others might question your identity but in the end, it’s still you who know what it is. So, what is truly Filipino? For me, a true Filipino is someone who is proud that he is a Filipino. We’re very good of saying “past is past” yet we’re not practicing it. So, move on people! That is why we are studying History so that we can understand the present. So, if someone would ask me “Why is there so much Spanish in your culture?” – I’d say because Spaniards were part of Philippine history. They colonized us so badly. Their faces were so scary it made Filipinos on that time so weary. Seriously, I’m a Filipino. It’s my identity. Do not question it!

No Regrets

              Decision is the fruit of your desire. For that reason, you do not think what its consequences would be. It’s like saying ‘yes’ to an invitation because your friends are going too. You didn’t even know the exact reason why you were invited.  The only thing that was set is: “This is got to be fun!” You’d get excited then. You did not even have an idea of what to prepare and how it would cost. You’ve made a rush decision, basically. When the day has come for the event, you’re now thinking whether to go or not. Why? You have no time to prepare your things. You do not have enough money. You have other appointments. You’d decide not to go. You would convince yourself that God has a purpose. However, you could not avoid thinking that you should have been enjoying with your friends at the camp. And yet, when you found yourself being productive on that day, you could really say that He has a purpose. You would end up without regrets. You could learn something from it, as well – think twice before you decide.

WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A JOURNALIST?

I’d really love to write ever since I was a child. One day, my mother asked what I want to be.I answered her that I want to be a poet or a scriptwriter. She smiled. So, I thought my mother would be happy if I would become a writer. Since then, it was my ambition—to become a writer. As I grew up, I found myself in creative writing. I asked my elder sister what course should I get which would keep me to write. She said, mass communication. And I was like, “I will take that course in college!” So, I took BA Mass Communication in UP Cebu even though I got a Degree Program Available. I was so excited to enter my first class in college. It was Comm100 with Miss Belinda Espiritu. As she explained what our course is all about, I was like “Nooooo! This is not what I want. I took the wrong course. This is not the kind of writing (Journalism) I want to pursue.” Seriously, I felt like going out of the room. I was so stupid not to research about Mass Communication, then. Apparently, I was not that ready for college even though my age was. My excitement was just really huge. On the first Saturday of the school year, I cried to my mother. I told her that I do not want to write news. It was my first fear. She asked: “You want to be a writer, right?” Yes, but not in newswriting. Discussion on the introduction to Mass Communication during the 1^st semester was a relief, though.  But, as what my mother said, I cannot escape from where I am right now. That’s why, when I saw “Journ101” on my Form5 for the 2^nd semester I felt like “Let’s get it on!” I thought I would find it hard to accept the subject but I was wrong. Sir Jason Baguia encourages us how to become a better journalist someday by correcting our mistakes. He gives us brilliant activities. My fear was temporarily gone, then. He even let us visit the MuseoSugbo where Cebu Journalism and Journalist Gallery can be located. Cebuano journalists were of great number. I started thinking, “If these people were once Mass Communication students like me, then I can become a journalist like them.” Astonished by their achievements, I got interested to answer the question: “What it means to be a journalist?” To be a journalist, one must genuinely be interested with people. No matter how dirty that person looks like or how bad his odor is, deal with him. Who knows that he can be a good source? A journalist must be good at interviewing people. His questions should have sense. In order to do that, an ability to communicate easily, both verbally and in writing is important. He must have a sheer enthusiasm. They said journalism is tiring but a journalist must maintain his pure interest to it. He must be inquisitive, curious or downright nosey. He should have that sense of smell for news. He must be good at listening to what people say. A journalist must be good at researching a complex subject and explaining it in English. He can communicate well with other people from all walks of life. Every journalist must be eager to learn. He must work at speed and under pressure to meet deadlines. I know, I learn all about these qualities of a good journalist from my teacher. Good thing, I have my notes. Well, for me being a journalist means success. Mr. Webster may define success as the accumulation of material possessions or the attainment of a position of power or prestige, an accomplishment. But according to John Wooden, success is the peace of mind attained only through self-satisfaction in knowing you made the effort to do the best of which you are capable. I like it. I’m pretty that every journalist always takes the risk of getting good and right information making them feel satisfied. No matter what the result may be, printed or not, he owns the trophy.As what Cervantes said: “The journey is better than the end.”

I may not become the kind of writer that I’ve always wanted to be but perhaps God’s helping me to realize where I really should be. Until then, I can prove that being a journalist means success.

Pablo

Oh Pablo, why did you come?

Oh Pablo, can you be calm?

Oh Pablo, you’re such a sham!

Oh Pablo, please end that cram!

Oh Pablo, when will you stop?

Oh Pablo, what else to pop?

Oh Pablo, you ruined the top!

Oh Pablo, no more to slap!

Oh Pablo, please do have mercy!

Oh Pablo, now we’re all queasy!

Oh Pablo, no to casualty!

Oh Pablo, stop this tragedy!

Journalism: A Challenge

I actually don’t know how to start this essay. BUT PLEASE do continue reading this.

My feet brought me to South Bus Terminal just in case somebody sold a newspaper. Fortunately, I found Freeman in a pharmacy near USC Main when I passed there for the second time. I walked from San Carlos to Ramos in Jakosalem Street where my boarding house was located. Swallowing my pride was the only option I could think of just to borrow a laptop from a board mate because the internet cafe was closed. SmartBro even didn’t work immediately. I needed internet for my other tasks. I’ve spent sixty-five pesos in order to avail unlimited service. I almost cried. I could not dare to move on, when something was left behind. But I did not give up until I found myself in my room with the SmartBro connected on the laptop. So here I am, starting to gather my thoughts for this assignment. (12:12A.M., 11/28/12).

YES, I KNOW YOU DON’T CARE ABOUT IT BUT THANK YOU FOR READING, THOUGH. And I’m SORRY because for sure, you didn’t like it.

            Anyway, journalism NEVER became a reason why I took Mass Communication. I’ve tried twice to join the official news publication in CTU-Argao and apparently (as you can see how I write in the first paragraph), I’ve failed twice too. Since then, I had the hesitation if I should pursue Mass Communication especially when I had a “DEGREE PROGRAM AVAILABLE” on the letter from UP Cebu for the result in UPCAT. I don’t know what is in this course that I really like to practice it even though there are already signs that I may not graduate on time. Still, that doesn’t change my traumatic experience with journalism. No doubt I slept when Veronica Guerin begun. I woke up when I heard the sound of thrill though. BUT, there’s a BIG but! After watching the movie, my interest went up to 2 from 0. I realized that there are other characteristics a journalist must possess aside from the writing skills. You can’t write a good article without these, I guess.

As for me, specific characteristics would probably come along with the following:

(1)   A good journalist must understand the nature of journalism before accepting the job.

(2)   A good journalist must apply this understanding while doing his job.

(3)   A good journalist must value the applications in continuing his job.

(4)   A good journalist is remembered as a good one even if he’s already not on the job.

The movie gave me a better understanding about journalism. I am very thankful to our teacher who bestowed us the chance to watch it.

I think, I must give a perfect 10 for journalism first before I will tell that I can be a journalist. I must have the ultimate PASSION in technical writing then.

Well, let’s see if I can write a story (different from my first paragraph, I really hope) that is WORTHY to read someday.

Since I took Mass Communication, why not take the challenge in journalism?

I Hate It

I hate it because she is cool

I hate it because I’m a fool

I hate it because she’s pretty

I hate it because I’m ugly

I hate it because she is wiser

I hate it because I’m a loser

I hate it because she is happy

I hate it because I am lonely

I hate it because she is charming

I hate it because I’m annoying

I hate it because she loves herself

I hate it because I hate myself

Kaya Ra Ni

Sa lalum ug mangitngit nga kabuntagon

Naghimog linya ang mga buluhaton

Ako naglibog kung unsa ang unahon

Ilabina nga ako pod katulogon

Sa akong paglingi ni mama ug papa

Akong gibuka ang akong mga mata

Nakita nako ang sakripisyo nila

Para lang makatarong ko ug eskuyla

Milingi ko sa akong mga igsuon

Nga andam  mutabang sa akong pagtuon

Nakita ko ang ilang kwartang giipon

Para sa akong maayong kaugmaon

Ug mikalit pagtulo ang akong luha

Tungod sa kalipay nga akong nakuha

Salamat sa Iyang  mga gipakita

Nadasig ko nga dili magpakasala

Ug busa karon dili nako sayangan

Kining higayon para sila mabayran

Ang kalisod tarungon nako ug pas-an

Para sa akong mga igsuon ug ginikanan